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Similarities and Differences between Spanish and English:

History

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  Spanish is a romance language from the Indo-European language family that strongly resembles Portuguese and Italian. English is a Germanic language, but many of its word roots come from the Indo-European Latin language and are similar to Spanish word roots. A bilingual site for educators, Colorín Colorado, notes that "30 to 40 percent of all words in English have a related word in Spanish. With similar sound, appearance, and meaning, these cognates help students transfer that word knowledge into their second language."

Alphabet, Pronunciation of Vowels and Letter Combinations

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  The Latin alphabet is used in both English and Spanish, but Spanish has three more letters, including the ñ, or the "ene." In English, there are more than 14 vowel sounds, while in Spanish there are only five. According to Colorín Colorado, vowel sounds represent the most challenging differences between Spanish and English for students. Various English dipthongs (vowel combinations), such as au and ou, don't exist in Spanish. Moreover, several consonant combinations, such as sh and th, don't typically ccur in Spanish.

  Word Order and Punctuation

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    In English, the typical order of words in a descriptive sentence is, adjective plus noun, whereas in Spanish, the word order is typically, noun plus adjective. For instance, in Spanish, "the white dog" is "el perro blanco." Exclamation marks and question marks occur at both the beginning and end of the sentence in Spanish, but the first one is inverted. For example, "¿Quieres ir al teatro esta noche?" is, "Do you want to go to the theatre tonight?" "¡Socorro!" means "Help!"

  Articles

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    In Spanish, all words have a gender and require a gender-specific article. For instance, "la mesa," or "the table," is a feminine word. "A book," or "el libro," is masculine. "Los" and "las" are the masculine and feminine plural forms, respectively. In English, articles are gender-neutral.

  
  

  Read more: Differences in English & Spanish Languages | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/info_7929750_differences-english-spanish-languages.html#ixzz2JkXONqcu

Reflection:
Lesson Idea:

The similarities and differences between spanish and english from Carmen Bazurto

English and Spanish as languages are cousins, as they have a common ancestor, known as Indo-European. And sometimes, English and Spanish can seem even closer than cousins, because English has adopted many words from French, which might be seen as a sister language to Spanish.

Here are some of the more common patterns of similarity you'll come across:

Words that end in "-tion" in English often end in -cion in Spanish:

nation, nación

station, estación

fraction, fracción

publication, publicación

Many English words that have a "ph" in them have an f in the Spanish version:

photo, foto

metamorphosis, metamorfosis

graph, gráfica

Words that end in "-ty" in English often end in -dad in Spanish:

fidelity, fidelidad

felicity, felicidad

faculty, facultad

liberty, libertad

authority, autoridad

A few words in English that have a "th" in them have a Spanish equivalent with a t:

empathy, empatía

theater, teatro

theory, teoría

Adverbs that end in "-ly" in English sometimes have a Spanish equivalent ending in -mente:

rapidly, rápidamente

profusely, profusamente

prudently, prudentemente

Some words that begin with an "s" followed by a consonant in English start with an es in Spanish:

stereo, estéreo

special, especial

snob, esnob

Some English words that have double letters have a Spanish equivalent without the letter doubled (although words with "rr" may have an rr equivalent in Spanish, as in "correspond," corresponder):

difficulty, dificultad

essence, esencia

collaborate, colaborar

common, común

Names of occupations that end in "-ist" in English sometimes have a Spanish equivalent ending in -ista (although other endings also are used):

dentist, dentista

artist, artista

phlebotomist, flebotomista

Names of fields of study that end in "-ology" often have a Spanish cognate ending in -ología:

geology, geología

ecology, ecología

archaeology, arqueología

Adjectives that end in "-ous" may have a Spanish equivalent ending in -oso:

famous, famoso

nervous, nervioso

precious, precioso

Words ending in -cy often have an equivalent ending in -cia:

democracy, democracia

redundancy, redundancia

clemency, clemencia

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